She found that doctors often argued that patients implicitly consented to being enlisted in medical teaching when visiting a teaching hospital, or that consent for one gynecological procedure encompassed consent for any additional, related exams.

This is nonsense. I'm not American, and where I live I've met plenty of doctors who made it a point to get everyone's consent before students got involved. Sometimes to the point that it got difficult to actually have patients the students could train with because the patients either said no or the doctors themselves already decided that bringing in students for certain patients wasn't a good idea. I have yet to meet a student who made an issue out of this, the culture is mostly even one where patients who volunteer are thanked afterwards. And everyone is aware that when a patient doesn't want you there, you get kicked out of the room.

I'm still very much aware that not every doctor over here is like that, and some show horrible disrespect towards their patients rights and wishes, but I just wanted to show that it's absolute nonsense to act like "this is just the way things go and have to go".