Jewishness is based on ethnicity and tradition. Only Political Zionists and National Socialists categorised Judaism as a race. It is a religion and presently with the founding of Israel via Jewish Lehi, Irgun, and Stern gang terrorism in the past century, is an ethno-nationalist collective.

The reason Jews can be atheistical is because they were still brought up in faith and/or Jewish tradition, whether Ashkenazi or Sephardi.

There are five major divisions: the Caucasoid race, the Mongoloid race, the Ethiopian race (later termed Negroid), the American Indian race, and the Malayan race. The last two have been debated.

Then there are subdivisions. Jews are not a race and Ashkenazi Jews are not semitic. They rely on an ethnic, tradition wise collective as a survival tactic.