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Scientific American quotes gender doctor Marci Bowers, "The penis is just a large clitoris. In fact, I don’t know why they don’t just call it a large clitoris.”

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[–]supersmokio6420 2 insightful - 1 fun2 insightful - 0 fun3 insightful - 1 fun -  (1 child)

Its based on using cladistic definitions. All tetrapods (mammals, reptiles, ampibians) are members of the Sarcopterygii clade, 'lobe finned fish'.

Lobe finned fish are all members of Ostiechthyes, 'bony fish', a group which includes most types of fish.

Sharks however are members of Chondrichthyes, 'cartilaginous fish'.

Both the bony and cartilaginous fish are members of Gnathostomata, 'jawed vertebrates'.

With a group like mammals, there's a last common ancestor where you can say that everything descended from it is a mammal. But with fish, there's no last common ancestor that would include everything we think of as a 'fish' without also including all tetrapods.

[–]Three_oneFourWanted for thought crimes in countless ideologies 4 insightful - 1 fun4 insightful - 0 fun5 insightful - 1 fun -  (0 children)

It's all because fish split into bony and cartilaginous subgroups first, then the bony fish had a branch where some of them gained lungs and became every land vertabrate. So since fish was sort of the "default," we have this unusual situation where there is no evolutionary branch that contains every modern fish and nothing else, unless we want to redefine cartilaginous animals