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[–]EddieC[S] 1 insightful - 1 fun1 insightful - 0 fun2 insightful - 1 fun -  (0 children)

DK:

Melatonin is highly efficient at reducing oxidative stress and seems to prevent the conversion of mitochondrial OXPHOS of normal cells to aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect) of cancer cells.
 

Melatonin synthesis does not occur in cancer cell mitochondria because of acetyl-CoA deficiency.
 

When cells assume a Warburg-type metabolism, the cells
upregulate PDK the gatekeeper enzyme
downregulate/inhibit PDC, the enzyme that metabolizes pyruvate to acetyl-CoA,
causing a depletion of acetyl-CoA and, in turn, the deprivation of melatonin
 

If, however, nocturnal circulating melatonin levels are sufficiently elevated, it does enter mitochondria to inhibit PDK, allowing for nocturnal switch away from Warburg effect