Black holes' quantum effect may resolve the dark matter problem about study Gravitational waves from burdened primordial black holes dark matter

Some time ago, primordial black holes were a promising candidate for dark matter. Primordial black holes should also contain a singularity, but should otherwise be much more variable in terms of their mass. Theoretically, they could weigh 1 gram or 100,000 Suns. They're entirely hypothetical, as dark matter hypotheses tend to be. If they exist, they should come from a very young universe, where they were formed by the collapse of also entirely hypothetical Fermi balls, probably less lascivious than they sound at first glance. They should be macroscopic objects that, if they existed, were born during an early phase transition by spontaneous symmetry breaking. Another possibility is that primordial black holes emerged in the chaos of cosmic inflation.

But there's a catch. Black holes should evaporate with Hawking radiation, the black hole thermal radiation calculated by Stephen Hawking when he applied quantum field theory to the curved spacetime around the black hole's event horizon. Hawking radiation is remarkable in that its temperature increases as the mass of the black hole decreases. As a result, small black holes should evaporate faster until they disappear in a flash of radiation. It follows that primordial black holes lighter than about 10¹⁷ grams should not exist in the universe because they would have already evaporated. This created a huge problem for the hypothesis of dark matter from primordial black holes. Because they would have to be very massive, and then gravitational lensing studies would detect them. But primordial black holes have not yet appeared in them, which has chilled physicists' hopes that the solution to dark matter is these black holes from the beginning of the universe. As the search continues (primarily because of string theorists motivations), optimism fades. See also:

• Memory Burden Effect in Black Holes and Solitons: Implications for PBH The essence of the memory burden effect is that a load of information carried by a system stabilizes it. This universal effect is especially prominent in systems with a high capacity of information storage, such as black holes and other objects with maximal microstate degeneracy, the entities universally referred to as “saturons.” The memory burden effect suppresses a further decay of a black hole, the latest, after it has emitted about half of its initial mass. As a consequence, the light primordial black holes (PBHs), that previously were assumed to be fully evaporated, are expected to be present as viable dark matter candidates.
• The evaporation of charged black holes Evaporation of a large charged black holes corrects the semiclassical calculation, which gives completely wrong predictions for almost the entire evaporation history. This may also render the charge as a hyperdimensional "memory burden effect" of sort.

Loc Ngo suggests that the recently described quantum memory burden effect could be involved in a very clever way. If the ideas about this phenomenon are correct, then it could be that when a black hole is vaporized to half its original mass by Hawking radiation, it suddenly stabilizes. It's reminiscent of the "I don't want to give up my favorite disproven theory, so I'll make up some crazy thing to make it work" approach, but so be it. In the already rather depressing search for dark matter, every straw is useful.

Dark matter particles are bonanza for theorists. During last thirty years of dark matter searches many probable constituents of dark matter were proposed, which differs in fifty(!) orders of magnitude: scalar field, quintessence, scalar and pseudoscalar or phantom, mirror, asymmetric or shadow matter, dark fluid, pseudoHiggs and heavy Higgs, axions, inflatons, dilatons, gravitinos, majorons, dark photons, tachyons, WIMPs, SIMPs, heavy photons, fat strings, anapoles, unparticles, vector bosons, sterile or right-handed neutrinos, fotinos, charginos, gluinos, chameleon particles, technibaryons, symmetrons, dark baryons, gravitinos, s-quarks and s-leptons, WIMPs, SIMPs, MACHOs, RAMBOs, DAEMONs, Planck and Bateman's particles, primordial and micro-black holes, jupiters.... and I probably missed many others...

In dense aether model substantial portion of dark matter really exist in form of primordial black holes stabilized with extradimensions. These micro-black holes just have appearance of very common atom nuclei. Being stripped of free electrons, they appear invisible for optical telescope, they can still be detected as a galactic halo with these X-ray ones. Which also brings the classical Plasma Universe model into a question: the fancy hyperdimensional models converge into a very trivial and ancient ones. Why these models aren't considered first? Well, because they don't promise so much jobs and profit for physicists involved into them: the socioeconomical analogy with Ivermectin based cancer and covid remedia arises here.